交通银行行长易纲接受中国国际电视台（CGTN）记者专访

l carbon emission．

Moreover， the People‘s Bank of China issued Green Finance Evaluation Guidance in May 2021， incorporating green loans and green bonds into financial institutions’ performance rating， providing the right incentives．

These incentives he helped accelerate green financing． As of March 2022， outstanding green loans in China exceeded 18 trillion yuan， posting a rapid increase． Outstanding green bonds reached about 1.3 trillion yuan， one of the largest in the world．

In conclusion， central banks can do something to help in green transition． It is important to make the whole society aware of the benefits of green transition．

易纲：央行可以在白色迈进之前展现重要和尽力抑制作用，对此International社会就有共识。

就国家政府而言，央行首要和最重要的职责是维护价格有利于。正因如此，一些央行仍有政策空间，通过结构性国家政府催生白色迈进。

为催生白色迈进，商业银行做了很多指导工作。商业银行于2018年将优质白色优先股和担保纳入之前期借贷便利的合格纳税范围，并在去年大受欢迎了碳减排拥护辅助工具和拥护煤炭清洁极低效利用专项先担保两个新的国家政府辅助工具，汇率均为1.75%，拥护符合条件的证券市场行政部门为具有显著碳减排现像的项目提供者高品质贷款。

截至上周5翌年末，商业银行通过两个辅助工具向相关证券市场行政部门累计索取贷款2100多亿元，催生减少供应值超6000万吨污染物当值，分之一占之前国年供应值值的0.6%。

此外，去年5翌年，商业银行修订印发《银企业证券市场行政部门白色证券市场评价拟议》，将证券市场行政部门索取白色担保和白色优先股业务纳入央行证券市场行政部门估价，以借此证券市场行政部门为白色迈进提供者拥护。

上述程序更进一步白色贷款快速上涨。截至2022年3翌年，之前国白色担保余额已超过18万亿元，上涨迅速。之前国境内白色优先股余额分之一1.3万亿元，在亚洲地区高居领先地位。

总之，央行可以在白色迈进之前展现抑制作用，提极低社会公众对白色迈进益处的认识至关重要。

CGTN： What has the PBOC done to improve climate information disclosure and prevent fake reporting？ What are some achievements？

路透社：商业银行在完善白色资讯引述、可避免黑幕等特别做了哪些指导工作？争得了哪些成效？

Yi Gang： This is very important． The disclosure is important and key issue in green transition． For fair and efficient implementation of green monetary policy tools， we should guard against different kinds of moral hazards， such as green-washing， low-cost fund arbitrage， and green project fraud． Therefore， information disclosure and strict supervision are needed when we design and implement green monetary policy tools． For example， the carbon emission reduction facility requires banks to disclose information on their websites on a quarterly basis about loan amount， interest rate， number of supported projects， and especially， quantity of carbon reduction． The People‘s Bank of China will verify the information together with other ministries and independent third-party institutions． It is also important for the general public to know this and help to watch．

To promote better management of climate risk， the People‘s Bank of China conducted the first climate risk stress testing last year， where the biggest challenge was insufficient information disclosure．

To promote climate information disclosure， the PBOC released the Guideline on Environmental Information Disclosure for Financial Institutions last year， defining requirements on the form， frequency， qualitative and quantitative information of the disclosure， and has guided over 200 financial institutions to prepare environmental information disclosure reports， including procedures to identify and assess， manage and control environmental risks， issuance of green loans and reduced emissions， as verified by third-party agencies． Going forward， we plan to expand the pilot program nationwide．

易纲：资讯引述十分重要，是催生白色迈进的关键。为不充分极低效地实施白色国家政府辅助工具，在实践之前一般而言严防“洗绿”、高品质贷款套利、白色项目黑幕等各类道德几率问题，因此，在设计和实施拥护白色迈进的国家政府辅助工具的在在之前，均要做到资讯公开透明、监管严格到位。例如，碳减排拥护辅助工具承诺证券市场行政部门按季度公开引述其索取的碳减排担保金额、汇率、拥护项目数，以及担保催生的碳减排数值等资讯，商业银行将授命其他部门和独立的第三方专业行政部门对引述资讯进行核实，公众知悉并对此进行指派也十分重要。

为催生行政气候几率，商业银行去年着手了首次气候几率心理压力测试，从测试状况看，供应值资讯引述不必要仍是面对的最大挑战。

为催生气候资讯引述，商业银行去年公布了《证券市场行政部门自然环境资讯引述指南》，对证券市场行政部门自然环境资讯引述的基本、频次、应引述的定调及定值资讯等特别提出异议承诺，并已个人兴趣200余证券市场行政部门试编制自然环境资讯引述报告，包括自然环境几率的识别、评估、行政、控制流程，经第三方专业行政部门核实验证的索取碳减排担保的状况及其催生的碳减排生产能力等资讯，未来将适时推动到全省。

CGTN： The PBOC has been actively advancing international cooperation in green finance through multilateral and bilateral platforms． What role has the PBOC played in developing global green finance？

路透社：商业银行之前通过多边和双边平台尽力催生白色证券市场International协力开发。在催生International白色证券市场其发展特别，商业银行扮演了怎样的配角？

Yi Gang： At the global level， the People‘s Bank of China has worked with all parties to mobilize social capital to address climate change．

First， China co-chaired the G20 Sustainable Finance Working Group． Last year， the G20 resumed the Sustainable Finance Working Group， co-chaired by the People‘s Bank of China and the US Treasury． The working group has completed the G20 Sustainable Finance Roadmap as an important global guidance for mobilizing social capital to address climate change． This year， our priority is to develop the framework for transition finance， to guide social capital to support low-carbon transition of high-emission sectors．

Second， we he made progress in harmonizing taxonomies with our European counterparts． The People‘s Bank of China and the European Commission he been comparing green finance taxonomies since 2020． In November last year， we published the Common Ground Taxonomy， proposing 55 mutually recognized economic activities that could mitigate climate change． We he just upgraded the Common Ground Taxonomy on June 3rd this year， adding another 17 economic activities． The groundbreaking work could facilitate cross border green capital flows． To date， the China Construction Bank and the Industrial Bank he issued green bonds under Common Ground Taxonomy． Some emerging market economies also refer to this taxonomy．

Third， we he leveraged green finance to build a green “Belt and Road”． In 2019， the People‘s Bank of China offered guidance in launching the Green Investment Principles （GIP） for the Belt and Road， outlining seven principles for green investment． As of May 2022， the GIP membership he expanded to 41 signatories and 14 supporters．

The People‘s Bank of China is also working with the Network of Central Banks and visors for Greening the Financial System （NGFS）， the FSB and the BCBS on various fronts， including regulatory standards for green finance．

Going forward， the PBOC will continue to strengthen international cooperation on green finance through multilateral and bilateral platforms to create an enabling environment for China to achieve the target of carbon peaking and neutrality．

易纲：在International科技领域，商业银行与各方一道，尽力随时随地产品贷款拥护温室效应应对。

一是联席牵头G20可持续证券市场指导工作组。2021年底，G20恢复设立可持续证券市场研究小组，商业银行和美国财政部任联合主席，牵头实施已完成了《G20可持续证券市场路线图》，成为International层面随时随地产品贷款拥护应对温室效应的重要指引。上周，我们的资讯化是催生实施迈进证券市场框架，随时随地产品贷款拥护极低排放企业稳妥有序地解决问题可持续发展迈进。

二是与欧方推进白色证券市场归纳常规趋同争得阶段性成果。2020年起，商业银行与欧委会着手之前欧白色归纳常规比对，并于2021年11翌年公布《协力归纳目录》，提出异议了之前欧各自白色证券市场归纳常规协力认可、对减缓温室效应有显著贡献的55项政治经济户外活动详细信息。上周6翌年3日，商业银行和欧委会公布了《协力归纳目录》的更新版，增补了17项政治经济户外活动。之前欧率先催生陷入僵局白色归纳常规可比、互通，更进一步随时随地跨境白色贷款流动。目前之前国建设银行、兴业银行已面世了《协力归纳目录》贴标白色优先股，大多新兴产品国家公布的白色证券市场归纳目录也参考了《协力归纳目录》。

三是以白色证券市场打造出白色“一带一路”。2019年商业银行个人兴趣发起了《“一带一路”白色投资主张》（GIP），GIP对白色投资提出异议七条主张。截至2022年5翌年，GIP成员生产能力扩大到41家达成协议行政部门以及14家拥护行政部门。

此外，商业银行还同央行与监管行政部门白色证券市场网络服务于（NGFS）、证券市场有利于理事会（FSB）、巴塞尔银行监管委员会（BCBS）等着手多科技领域技术交流协力开发，催生完善白色证券市场监管常规。

下一步，商业银行将继续通过多双边平台催生白色证券市场International协力开发，更好地服务于我自身解决问题碳达峰、碳之前和目标。

CGTN： The Chinese economy has been facing some downward pressures， and the RMB exchange rate has depreciated recently． What is the current stance of China’s monetary policy and how would it support economic recovery？

路透社：近期之前国政治经济面对一定下行心理压力，累计注意到一定贬值。举例来说国家政府的取向如何？将在拥护全省政治经济复苏之前展现怎样的抑制作用？

Yi Gang： China’s monetary policy is accommodative in supporting the real economy． Growth of broad money M2 and total social finance is in line with the nominal GDP growth rate， and provide ample liquidity and support to small- and medium-sized enterprises with the purpose of maximizing employment．

The market interest rate has been stable and trending downward in the past 10 years． The natural interest rate is mainly determined by the marginal productivity of capital and long-term demographic trend．

In China， interest rates are determined by market supply and demand， and the central bank guides market interest rates with monetary policy instruments． Currently， the time deposit rate is 1-2%， and bank loan rate is about 4-5%， and the bond market and the equity market function well． After taking into account of inflation， you can see the real interest rate is pretty low． The financial market makes an efficient allocation of resources．

We he a flexible and market-determined exchange rate system using a basket of currencies as reference． Compared to 20 years ago， RMB has appreciated against the USD by 25%， and appreciated against a basket of currencies by about 30% in nominal terms． The appreciation in real terms is even more．

Inflation outlook is stable in China． Right now， consumer price index is 2.1% and producer price index is about 6.4% on the year-on-year basis． Maintaining price stability and maximizing employment are our high priorities．

This year， we face some downward pressures of growth due to COVID-19 and external shocks， and the monetary policy will continue to be accommodative to support economic recovery in aggregate sense． At the same time， we also emphasize structural policies such as supporting small- and medium-sized enterprises and green transition．

易纲：之前国的国家政府之前是与拥护实体政治经济其发展相适应的。基本概念本国货币M2和社会贷款经济指标与名义GDP经济指标基本也就是说，保持流动性充分贫乏，拥护之前小企业其发展以解决问题失业边际目标。

基本上十年来，之前国的产品汇率准确度稳之前有降。自然汇率准确度主要由资本边际产出率和人口数长期其发展趋势所决定。

之前国汇率形成程序是由产品商品价格决定的，之前央银行通过运用国家政府辅助工具随时随地产品汇率。目前定期存款汇率分之一1-2%，银行担保汇率分之一4-5%，同时优先股和股票产品较为有助于地运行。尽值避免经济衰退准确度，可以看出实际汇率准确度是十分低的，证券市场产品没能有助于配置海洋资源。

法制实行的是灵活的、以产品商品价格辅以，参考一篮子本国货币进行调节的汇率政治制度。与20年前相比，累计对美元汇率升值分之一25%，对一篮子本国货币的名义汇率升值分之一30%，实际汇率升值幅度更极低。

之前国的经济衰退其发展前景较为有利于，CPI去年同期上涨2.1%，PPI去年同期上涨6.4%。保持粮价有利于和失业边际是我们的指导工作资讯化。

上周以来，受疫情和外部冲击等冲击，之前国政治经济面对一定下行心理压力。国家政府将继续从总和上发力以拥护政治经济复苏。同时，我们也会强调用好拥护之前小企业和白色迈进等结构性国家政府辅助工具。

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